Emma Dean—Major John Wesley Powell’s boat during his expedition along Colorado River, named after Powell’s wife, consisted of John Wesley Powell, William Dunn, and John Colton Sumner 

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Kitty Clyde’s Sister—21 foot oak boat utilized for transporting supplies and crew members Old Shady and Bradley

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No-Name—was wrecked in Lodore Canyon (now known as Disaster Falls), 21-foot, wooden Whitehall-style boat that carried crucial rations such as food and scientific instruments such as barometers, carried O.G Howland, Seneca Howland, and Frank Goodman

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Maid of the Canyon—ship on the Powell Expedition that was built to withstand rapids and successfully carried supplies

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oars (pg.8)—lever-based instruments with a blade, shaft, and handle used to propel boats
 

swelling (pg.8)—series of long, regular and often-smooth waves produced by different storms

 

portage (pg.9)—the practice of carrying boats, canoes, or cargo overland between two bodies of water or around an obstacle
 

bank (pg.9)— refers to the riverbank—specifically, a solid, safe piece of land along the Colorado River where the explorers can pull their boats out of the water to rest, repair damage, or portage around dangerous rapids

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line (pg. 10)— urgent, nautical, or tactical commands to navigate treacherous, rapid-filled waters

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passing line— refers to passing or throwing a rope to another boat or to crew members on the shore to guide, secure, or prevent a boat from overturning

Flaming Gorge (pg. 15)—natural gorge located in Daggett County, Utah

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white water (pg.29)—turbulent, aerated river water that appears white as it rushes over rocks, drops, and obstacles, creating rapids

“Hug the wall!” (pg.10)—steer and maintain a course very close to the shoreline, a pier, a bulkhead, or a boundary marker. / navigation command telling the crew to keep their boats as close to the canyon wall/riverbank as possible to avoid dangerous, fast-moving, and violent rapids in the center of the river

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sextant (pg.36)—handheld, double–reflecting navigation instrument used in sailing to measure the precise angle (altitude) between the horizon and celestial body (sun, moon, or stars)
 

mosquito sieve—a fine-mesh barrier, typically 1.2–1.6 mm, used to block mosquitoes and other insects while allowing airflow.

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granite—durable, coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock

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ferns—a flowerless plant which has leafy fronds and reproduces by spores released from the undersides of the fronds
 

barometer (pg. 36) – an instrument measuring atmospheric pressure, used especially in forecasting the weather and determining altitude
 

arid (pg. 38) – (of land or a climate) having little or no rain; too dry or barren to support vegetation. OR lacking in interest, excitement, or meaning.

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tributaries (pg. 38) – a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake

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ope (pg. 39) – casual slang interjection, especially common in the American Midwest, used as a quick, mild apology or expression of surprise, similar to "oops" or "whoops," often for small physical encounters or minor mishaps like bumping into someone or almost dropping something. It's a versatile word, functioning as a polite way to acknowledge a small awkward moment, get someone's attention, or fill conversational space.

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crest (pg. 40) – the highest point of a hill, wave, or ridge, or a symbolic emblem used in heraldry. It commonly signifies a peak, top, or climax

 

pooling (pg. 40) – refers to a section of a stream or river characterized by deep water, slow velocity, and a smooth surface, typically occurring between shallower, faster-moving areas known as riffles. These, often created by erosion around obstacles like logs or boulders, serve as crucial habitats for fish to rest, while depositing sediment and debris.

 

enclave (pg. 40) – a portion of territory within or surrounded by a larger territory whose inhabitants are culturally or ethnically distinct.

 

Muscadet (pg. 43) – a French white wine. It is made at the western end of the Loire Valley, near the city of Nantes in the Pays de la Loire region. It is made from the Melon de Bourgogne grape, often referred to simply as melon.

 

Marseille (pg. 43) – a port city in southern France, has been a crossroads of immigration and trade since its founding by the Greeks circa 600 B.C. Oldest city in France

 

bouillabaisse (pg. 44) – a traditional French seafood stew from Marseille, known for its rich broth flavored with saffron, fennel, and tomatoes, and packed with various fish and shellfish like mussels, shrimp, and white fish.

 

coffers (pg. 45) – a strongbox or small chest for holding valuables.

 

inertness (pg. 55) – the state of being chemically non-reactive, stable, and resistant to corrosion or interaction with other substances.

 

gunwale (pg. 61) – the upper edge of the side of a boat or ship.

 

gulch (pg. 62) – a narrow and steep-sided ravine marking the course of a fast stream.

 

hewn (pg. 63) – describes wood or stone that has been felled, cut, or shaped by hard blows from tools like axes or chisels

 

lakelets (pg. 63) – a small natural lake, pond, or pool of water, often formed by snowmelt or in glacial basins

 

mealy (pg. 77) - describes a dry, soft, crumbly, or powdery texture, often used to describe fruit like apples or starchy vegetables like potatoes.

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